Machine for shaping sheet metal.



No. 630,449. Patented Aug. 8, I899.

' T. CORSCADEN, Decd.

A. J. GORSGADEN, Administratrix. MACHINE FOR SHAPING SHEET METAL.

(Application filed Aug. 25, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shae! I.

NDRNS PETERS. INC LIYHO.. WASPUNGTON. D C

Patented Aug. 8, 1899.

3 sheets- -sl eet 2.

T. CURSGADEN, Decd.

A. .I. GURSGADEN, Administratrix. MACHINE FORSHAPING SHEET METAL.

.d licatibxi 516a Aug. 25, 1569.

(No Model m. 630,449. Patented Ann. 8 I899.

T. CORSGADEN, Depd. I A. 1. conscAnEu, Administratrix. MACHINE Fun SHAPING SHEET METAL (Application flled'A ug. 25, 1898.) (No Model. I? Z- z- 3 S-ha%s-Shoet 3.

J I xi: I J v 1, E

. I H 3 f |i| I H I|| 8Q P l Nonms PETERS. fun" union WASHING) c.

" Toall whom it may'coiwern:

Be-it known that THOMAS OoRscADnm'de -U IT D ,SIAIES AT' NT Fries,

{n iiELinn J. 'ooRsoAn N,OF PHILADELPHIA,EPEN SYLVAMA, AnMiN 's :TRATRIXJOF .THOMAS CORSCADEN. nnonasnp.

T 4 f M AQHl-N-E; FQ as HAP] N e s H s get METAL;

' slEcrnicar'ioiv formingart ofietters, Patent No. 630,449, dated-Auguste, r89 9.-

"Application filed Au ust's. 189s.

ceased,-late"of the city and county of Philadelphia, State ofPen'nsylvania,'did invent an Improvement in Machines'iOr- Shaping Sheet" I Metal ot'which the following is-a specification.

This invention has reference to machines for-shaping sheet metal; and it consists of cer tainimprovements Which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, which'form'a part thereof.

a The object oftheinvention is to provide suitable dies and means to operate them which predetermined shapes especially shallbe capable of forming sheet metal into adapted for the rims of sheet-metal pulleys;

' In the preferredform of the apparatus the object is to produce semi-annular segments .20

of the rim, applying a flangeupon one edge,

- and heading or otherwise forming the other In carrying out the invention there are employed three sets of dies-n'amely, an upper and a lower set with an'intermediate set adapted to operate inconnect-ion with the other two, and preferably the intermediate set is stationary. :This, however, isnot-necessary, so long as the several movements-are imparted to the diiierent sets. to bring them together or move them apart. Furthermore, byproperadjustment and arrangement ofthe m'echanismtwo of these may be relatively fixed',,"'whil'ethe third'die is made movable, or

vice'versa, so that when desired the upsetting or forming operation may be confined to one side ofi the metal being actedupon'. Furthermore, in.conjunction with the intermediate .orstation ary die' there are employedoutside dies, two or more in number, adapted, preferably, to move in. horizontal directions on radiallinesfrom' the central die, the outer dies beingiadapted to hold or grip the metaland :retain'it in the proper shape or conformation,

while'the upsetting or beading action takes place by the operation of-the upper and lower dies or either offthem; Allof these dies arepreferably operated. by .meansfof hydraulic power, and the construction is such that it is preferred to employ-one setofi hydranlic-dei vices for. operating the intermediate upperserin'no'. 689,533. on model.)

' 'and lower dies and separate hydraulic devices,

for operating the outer or clamping dies. Furthermore, the arrangement is such that the clamping-dies operate so as to gripand hold the metal to be operated upon to the stationary die,'and then the upsetting, flanging, or beading dies are put into operation by the second set of hydraulic devices.

1 Another portion'of theinvention has refer} ence to the dies proper, an'dthis, as well'as the construction ofthe pressfas a whole, will be understood by reference to the accompany- -'in'g drawings, illustrating the invention,in

which V I Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of a hydr'aulic press embodying the invention, taken. 1 I

on line x xof Fig 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the improved press, taken on line I -31 y of Fig.1.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on line as of Fig. 1, showing the construction of the means for moving the horizontal clamp ing-dies. Figs. 4 and 5 are eross-sections-of the dies, taken at one side, showing the .ad-

justment for forming the flanges andthe heading. Fig. .6 is a sectional elevation of one of thecushioning-cylinders and pistons. Fig:

7 is a perspective viewof one of the segments ready .tobe placed in the-press- Fig. Sis a perspective view of a portion of. the completed pulley-rim, showing two of the fully-formed flanges and beads. Fig. 9 shows the crosssection of the" plates, indicating the changes under action of the press and Fig. 10 is a plan View of apportion of one of the lower dies.

As the operation, of .the press is specially designed for the dies adapted to the forming of the rims of pulleys, reference will first be made in a general way to the dies, so that the construction and movements of the diiferent par s of'the press will be more readily understood.

2' is a central cylindrical fixed die and,- as

shown, is made circular, corresponding to the diameter of the pulley; Arranged about this d-ie are four segmental dies 5, adapted to be} moved horizontally, so asfto meet the pe riph-' cry of the die2 and strongly grasp any metal arranged between the said dies2 5. 'i In ad-f dition to these dies there is a lower die, which? in some instances is fixed and. in otherin'I-1 stances is movable, VVhen saiddies-are a i :e. dies are moved under the action of. suitable hydraulic-actuated pistons, andthese devices ,w il 'l--now be described. I

'e inder'A, arranged below-the dies.

- eylinder is.arran'ged the oppositely-acting a j s vertically movable downward to orl the fixed 'die 2 and is clearly shown in 532,4, and 5. These several movable The central die 2 is supported upon'a post F, adjustably fitted and secured to a ,fixed' frame E. This frame is supported upon' nprights-e, connected at the bottom to a cylinde'r-frame B, in turn supported upon va l'suitable foundation by the columns b. The cylinder-frame B' carriesthe hydraulic cyl Inthis plungers C D; Of'these the plunger D is connected by uprights d with the annular Ad- 5 lusting-screws G exte d from the stationaryhead D for operatin the lower die.

frame-E andare provided at the lower portions with nuts g, which limit the downward movement. of the plunger D,and consequently the head 1). The nuts g may be adjusted o to vary .the limit of the dcwnward movement as desired. The lower plunger connects with 'a headC, which is united to an upper.

head (J by'means of the rod 0, so that as the plunger 0 is forced downward it moves the 's'head C downward also and with it the upper. die ;8,.x-, Go1lars c limit the downward motion of the .head (3 by striking upon the fixed frame E, as shown in Fig. 2.

H H are-hydraulic cylinders in which pis- 5; tons I operate, thepiston-rods'ithereof being 1 connected with the head 0. "l ll-"are secured to the cylinder-frame B, as

The cylinders wn in Fig. 2 and indicated in dotted lines -ig. 1. By supplying water under pressure to. the cylinder H through the pipe'h sufficient power is obtained to raise the plunger 0, together with the framework C' C .cand upper die 8, the only duty necessary being to overcome the weight of these parts. A head-plate C may be secured to thenpper head 0 and to this the dies 8 maybe directly secured. In this manner the dies may be 'eadily secured to the head 0* and also adnsted. The horizontal dies 5' are segjental in shape, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, "nd are respectively connectcdto heads-K,

movable in horizontal guideways k, formed upon the fixed frame E, and the heads K are moved toward the fixed die 2 by plungers J, moving'in hydraulic cylinders J. As shown, 'there are four of these, cylinders with the corresponding parts, and these are, allbcnnected by suitable hydraulic pipes j with a controlling valve mechanism 0 of any suit able construction, so that water under high 'pressure may be simultaneously supplied to able back-stop for limiting the backward movement of the plunger and the head K. To return the parts to their normal position after the pressure has been applied a plunger q is employed, secured to thehe'ad K and working in a hydraulic cylinder Q. The cylinder Q is connected by pipes 10 with 'an accumulator P of any suitable'construction, so as to exert a substantially constant pressure upon the water, with the object in view of creating a suflicien't force to movethe movable dies away from the .fixed dies or return them to a normal position. The cylinders H before referred to,in-connection with the plunger C and heads 0 C are also connected by,

apipe h with the hydraulic accumulator P for the purpose of returning the, parts to their normal position after the pressure'for upsetting and forming has been removed. It will be-understood that the pressure of the accumulator is largely overcome when the power hydraulic devices are put into operation'for acting upon plungers C D J. M is a pipe containing water under a very heavy pressure,

and M is a corresponding pipe containing water under a considerably lower pressure. N is a pipe acting as an exhaust or return pipe forming a common return for thetwo supply pipes M M. -The pipe M communicates with the valve mechanism 0 by a pipe m'containfing a valve 0 The pipe M'- communicates with the valve mechanism 0 by a pipe m, coir; tainin g a valve 0. The exhaust-pipe N com-- 1m unicates with the valve mechanism. 0 by a pipe n, containing a valve 0 The valve mechanism is'not shown in detail, as it may be ofany suitable construction, so as to be;

operated by a single or multiplicity of levers; as-found most expedient. A pipe A leads" from the valve mechanism 0 to the hydraulic cylinder A, as indicated in Fig. 1. In operation water is supplied from the pipe M' through the valve' nechanism 0 into the clamping-cylinders J, so as to move the clamping-dies 5 into clamping position upon the die Ito 2. Water from the pipe M is then suppliedto the pipe A and thence to the hydraulic" cylinder A to secure the m vements of the upper and lower dies. Afte the pressure op-. eration the valve mechanism 0 1s mampulated so as to permit the water to escape into the return-pipe N, and then the accumulator" P comes into operation and through the cylinders H Q the several dies are moved away f rom-the die 2. The detailsof the valve mech-. anism O are not shown, as it is quite evident that suitable valves in the pipes m, m, a, A,-

and j may be employed to control the operation of the waterto secure-allot the move-.1

ments desired. a I

' Returning now to the dies, the die is pro-i vided with an upper annular-shoulder 30, over which the upper'edgelS of the metal rim 17 is adapted to be bent, as indicated in Figs. 4-, 5, and 9.

the preliminary operation cf forming the sheet-nietal-blank from the cross-section .fshown in the left-hand View of Fig. 9 to that of the middle view the lower part .ofthe die 2 is [fitted with an annular portion 4:, which is held up into place upon studs 16,,projeeting from'the annular head- D The outer clamping-die 5 is also fitted at the bottom with a section of the annular die '4', of which there are four sections, one to each of the dies 5.

- These die-sections 7 have curved portions 32,

which force the lower edge 19 of the blank into a more rounded shape,'as indicated in portion 17 of the blank. After the sheetmetal blank is transformed from the condition shown in Fig.7 to a condition indicated in Fig.

4 and} the middle view of'Fig. 9 the die-sections 7 are removed, the studs 16 withdrawn, together with the die 4, and the die indicated at 9 substituted therefor. lso the die 8, Fig. 4, is removed and the die 8 is substituted for ,it,omitting the-inner bevel edge 33. The same result would be obtained by simply inverting the die 8. The die 9 may be provided with a series of annular grooves 10, eorresponding'to difierent diameters of wheel-rims, and the up ward movement of this die 9 under the action or the head D is to curl over the partly-bent edge 19 into a tubular edge or rim 20, as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 8 and right-hand View of Fig. 9. Simultaneously with this forma tion of the tubular edge orbead 20 the upper 1 flange 18 of the blank, which was previously bent, is further bent downward until it stands at right angles to the main surface 17 of the rim, as clearly shown in Figs. 5, 8, and 9. It

7 will be observed thatwhile this forming action takes place the metal is upset as well asbe-j ing bent, consequently the rim maintains the same circu'lareondition in which it was held during these formative actions of the dies.

The complete rim-of a pulley is made up of four of these sections after they have been completely formed. The adjacent sec- I tions on the face of the pulley are abutted upon their annular flanges 2i ,whieh extend inwardly, asshown in Fig 8. The sections are made semi-ann nlar, as indicated in Fig. 7,and

are slightly bent bya previous manipulation in a set of shaping-rolls.

T \vo such section s,

' vas indicated in Fig. 7, are placed in the press with the edges abutted so as to make up a ring. It is desirable that the metal in the cir' cumi'erence of the bodies 17 is slightlygreater than the die 2, so that when the clamping dies 5 are forced inward the edges 34 of the The lower outer edgeof thisdie 2 is provided with an annular recess 31.- In

oppositeblanks are forced firmly against each other and produce more or less of an upsetting action, so that they absolutely fit to make a continuous surface. f'lh'esef;actionsof upsetting as well as forming taking place at the same time enable the press to so shape the ri m-s'eetions that they retain their positions assumed, and the resulting pulleyis very true' with regard to shape. i It will he observed that when the upwardly movable die 9 is employed the' lower sections 7-, attached to the dies 5, are removed, as' they would be in. the way. During the operation of the dies shownin' Fig.4,- which'fare' de signed to change the blank from the shape shown in Fig. 7 to the intermediate'condition shown in the middle diagram of Fig. ,9, the

head 16-is held out of action by inserting a heavy block of any'snitable material into the space B, Fig. .2, which prevents the upward movement of the plunger D. ,Under this con dition the dies 4 of Fig. 4. remain stationary with the circular die 2; but when it is desired to operate the dies in the manner indicated in Fig. 0 after dies 4 and 7 have been re-' moved and die 9 substituted the block last spoken of is removed, and then the plunger D raises and lowers the head D with the result of vertically reciprocating the die 9.

.In some forms of pulleys the rim is made without crowning, and in that cas'e the op;

posing surfaces of the dies 2 and 5 are vertical and the diameter of curvature is'the;

same at the topas at the bottom. in cases, however, where the pulley-rim is to be crowned, as is customary in most pulleys,

the opposing surfaces of. the dies 2' and 5,

while curved and parallel, are formed somewhat conical, whereby the opposing clamping curved and parallel surfaces have the curvature at one end (the upperend, as illustrated) greater than the curvature at the other end,

(the lower end,)sothattheshee't whencompressed will have one edge of somewhat greater diameter thanthe other edge, and the edge of greater diameter will be that having the internal annular flange 21, so that the crown shall lie in. the central portion of the outer surfaces of the rim, asindicated in Fig. 8. The tapering character anddilferent diameters of the upper andlowel dges of the clamping surfaces of the dies 2 and 5 are clearly-indicated in Figs. 4.a nd5. It will be" f u rt-her observed that the flanging-die 8?,Fig.

7 edges or surfaces having the greatest curvatures of the dies 2 and 5 and has an operatin g edge or surface curved saidcurvature' to'correspond to preferred press does not necessarily require that all fourof the horizontal dies be'made; to operate conjointly, for it is quite evident that if the form ativc actionwere only required "to take place u pon-asemi-an nular rim, for ex;

ample, or upon a single section, as shown in \Fig. 7, then the combined working surfaces is adjacent to the end of the clamping Broadly considered, it is evident that the of the dies would only have to be semi-annular; but the construction herein shown is preferred, since it is moreeconomical to operate 'upon'all sides of the circular die 2, and there is less liability frombreakage with the enormous pressures employed, since the'strains are-more fully distributed and balanced. It is, furthermore, to be understood that'while the particular dies herein shown for the spexo,-cific construction of rim are employed any change or modification ofshape of'therim will of necessity require a change or modification of shape of the dies, and consequently the invention is not limited to any particular '15 construction of said dies.

It is also evident that so long as a relative movement is secured between the partsl) and 0. whereby the two oppositely-moving dies may be moved to or from each other and properlyawith respect, :0 to the stationary die 2, the hydraulic devices for operating said dies may be modified or varied astd'esired. For example, if the cylinder A be permitted to move vertically in the frame B it is quite evident :that the parts A and D might be made integral and secure thesame results, since -the only thing necessary is to securea relative movement'zbetween the parts CD.

While it is convenient to refer to some of 3o thedies as being above or' 'below or vertically' movable, it is to; be understood that these are relative terms, and no limitation is to be taken from the use of such terms, since under some conditions it is self-evident that the location of said dies might be shiftedas,

for example, if the "machine were set on its side. It' is also evident that while the hydraulic' devices for operating the upper and lower dies are arranged below said dies, they .might equally as well be arranged abovetlre die's-as, for example, as would occur by siniply inverting the machine; Therefore no limitations'are to be understood from'the use of these general .terms, which are found 5 convenient and almost necessary to properly explain the mechanism disclosed in the drawings.

While it is preferred,th e construction shown -is not ,limitcd'to the minor details, as these- 5o may all be modified without departing trem thespirit of thein-vention. g

What is claimed as new, and desired, to be secured by Letters Patent, ie-f 1; In a hydraulic press the combin'filion of an intermediate set of clamping-dies having opposing curved clamping-surfaces concen tric or parallel so as to 'beadapted to clamp opposite faces of a sheetjof metal between,

them, suitable upper'and lower dies movable on to and from the clamping-dies, a support for -the intermediate clamping-dies, and hydrau-v lic devices for simultaneously niovin g the up-' per and lower dies to or from each other and relatively to the intermediate clamping-dies.

2. In a hydraulic press the combination of an intermediate set of clamping-dies, suitable upper and lower dies movable to and" from the clamping-dies, a siiripont for-l the intermediate clamping-dies, and hydraulic,

devices forsimultaneouslymoving the upper and lower dies to or from" eaeh'other and relatively to the intermediate clamping-dies, consisting of two moyahle water-actuated parts having a water-space intermediate of them into which the W3; or is forced under pressure, a connection etween one of said parts and the lbwer dies, and a separate connection between the. other ofsaid moving parts and the upper die. U i H 3. In a hydraulic press, a main frame, a support thereon extending upward, a fixed die carried thereby, a vertically-movable 4 lower die, a vertically-movable uppergdie,

hydraulic-power devices arranged to one side of the dies in the direction of their movements and having two movable portions, a direct connection between one of said portions andone of said movable dies, and an open frame or link connection between the other of said movable parts and the other movable die.

support thereon extending upwarcka fixed die carried thereby, a verticallymovable 9 4. Ina hydraulic press, a'main frame, a'

lower die, a vertically-movable upperdief'.

' hydraulic power devices arranged to one side ments and having twoxmovablc portions, :1.

direct connection between ,one .of 'said por-fil tions and one of said, movable dies, a open ,"IQO

frame orlink connection betweenthe other 195 of,the dies in the'direction of their 'moveof said'movable parts and the other movable die, one or more horizontal clamping-dies adapted to move to or fromthe stationary die, and zontaldi a 5. In a hydraulic press the combination of power devices. for moving the hori-. I

suitable upper lower and intermediate dies, :1.

devices for simultaneously moving the upper and lower dies to or'from each other and relaent powerdevices for operating said radially mov'able dies consisting of a series of plungers'and cylinders, a source of liquid-supply under pressure common ,to all of said cylin ders, and a single operating control device for regulating the supply to all of the hy-: draulic cylinders simultaneously.

7, In a hydraulic press, the combination of a fixed central die, one or more radially-movable dies laterally disposed with regard to said stationary die,and power-device's formevsupport'for the intermediate die, hydraulic 'ing said radially-movable dies comprising a reciprocating head having a plunger and a hydraulic cylinder in which the plunger .works, means for moving the radially-movable die away from the fixed die consisting-0t a cylinder and plunger of relatively small size one of which parts is movable with the radially-movable die and the other part fixed, a hydraulic accumulator, and a connectingpipe between said accumulator and the cylinder and plunger, whereby when the pressure is removed from the operating powerplunger the 'aceumulator-pressure may come into play to return the parts to their normal positions.

9. In a hydraulic press, the combination of a vertically-1novable die, a hydraulic cylinder and plunger for forcing said die downward, a heavy eonnecting'yoke making a connection between the movable plunger and the movable die, and a piston-and-cylinder device connecting with said yoke and communicating with a source of accumulated hydraulic power for sustaining the weight of the yoke its die and its plunger and adapted for raising the same to a normal position when the power is removed from the main plunger.

10. In ahydraulic press, the combination of a main stationary frame, a die-support carried by said frame, a lower movabledie-supporting head, an upper movable separate die head, a stationary hydraulic cylinder, an upper movable plunger therefor connecting with the lower movable die-supporting head for raising it, a lower movable plunger in said cylinder connecting with the upper movable die-supporting head, and means to control the supply offiuid to the hydraulic cylinder whereby both plungers are simultaneously operated. r

11. In ahydraulic press, the combination of a main stationary frame, a die-support car: ried by said frame, a lower movable die-supporting head, an upper movable supporting die-head, a stationary hydraulic cylinder, an upper movable plunger therefor connecting with the lower movable die-supporting head for raising it, a lower movable plunger in said cylinder connecting with the upper movable die-supporting head, means to control the supply of fluid to the hydraulic cylinder whereby both plungers are simultaneously operated, and adjusting devices for limiting the downward movements of the lower die-supporting head when assuming a normal position out of action. I I I 12. In a sheet-metal-forming press, the combination of a stationary circular die presenting a cylindrical outer surface, in combination with'a series of radially-movable sectional dies having curved clamping-surfaces arranged about the stationary circular die and 7e movable to for from it in the same plane, a vertipally-movable upper die, and independent means for moving the radially-movable (lies and theupper dies.

13. In a sheet-metal-formin g press,the com- '7 5 ranged about the stationary circular die and movable to or from it in the same plane, a ver-s tically-movable upper die, and a verticallymovable lower die arranged below the stationary die and movable to and from it.

14;. In a sheet-metal-forming press, the combination-of a stationarycircular die presenting a cylindrical outer surface, in combination with a series of radially-movable sectional dies having curved clamping-surfacesar ranged about the stationary circular die and movable to or from it in the same plane, Varticallynnovable upper and lower dies arranged respectively above and below the stationary die, and independently-operated hydraulic plungers for actuating the several movable dies or sections of dies independently. v

15. In a sheet-metal-forming press, the combination of a stationary die having an outer curved surface, a series of external radiallyzoo movable dies having curved surfaces corresponding to the outer c rvat-ure of the sta-i tionary die, independent power devices for moving each of the several oute'r sectional dies to or from the stationary die, and a die m5 movable to and from the stationary and rav dially-movable dies and arranged in line with their junction and movable transversely to the movement of the radially-movable dies.

16. Inasheet-metahforming press, the comno bination of a stationary die having an outer cur-'ved. surface, a series of external radiallymov'abie dies having curved surfaces corresponding to the outer curvature of the die, a

series of independent power devices for mov-- r r 5 ing the outer sectional dies toward the stationary die consisting of hydraulic-actuated plungers, and means to'move said dies away from the stationary die consisting of cylinders and plungers of small size actuated by ree a hydraulic accumulator.

17. In asheet-metal-formin g press the combination of a fixed die having a curved outer surface, a-radially-movable clamping-die having a on rved lateral surface corresponding to r 2 5 the curvature of the fixed die, and an upper, movable die extending partly over the fixed die and having an inner and lower operating edge adapted to bend a metal flange inwardly.

1S. In a sheet-metal-forming press, the combination of 'a-fixed die having a curved outer surface, aradiallymovable clamping-die having a curve-r7 lateral surface corresponding to the curvatureof the fixed die, an upper mqvto, ing thQ'kiWQr portion 4 curved at its lower edge and in which the die 2 is provided with the oflset or shoulder 30, a radially-movable die 5 havinga' curved surface corresponding to the. curvature of the die 2 and provided Iithn portion? havinga curved forming edge 32, and {verticallymovable die 8 having a lag-shoulder adjacent to the shoulder i m mliiOl lary die.

- ,1. In: heet-metal-forining press the co1n an Elation-of a pair of olainpin'gdies havingtic: opposing or clamping surfaces made curved andparallel and in which the curvatune at one end is greater than the curvature at the" other end,a fianging-die having its :5 operating edge curved to correspond to the curvature of the operating-faces of the clamping-dies at. the end of greatest curvature and movable to or from the clamping-dies, and

means for. operating saiddies.

21. V In a sheet-metal-forming press, the com- 0 bination of apair of'clamping dies having their opposing or clamping surfaces made curved'and parallel in the plane of theirclamping movement and substantially straight transversely thereto, means for moving said dies relatively to and from each other for clamping a sheet of metal between them, a flanging-die having its operating edge curved to correspond to the curvature of the operatingf aces of the clamping-dies, and means for moving theflanging-die to or from the clam ping-dies and in a direction transversely to the movement of said clamping-dies.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

v ADELINE J. CORSCADEN, Adminisiratriw of the estate of Thomas Corscaden, deceased.

Witnesses:

JOHN F. JOHNSON, EDWARD FELL LUKENs. 

